Impact of landslide on transport network in hilly region: a case of Kullu District

Abstract

In hilly areas, the common mode of transport is road transport, and the situation is the same in other parts of the country as well. The road network gets affected by various natural hazards due to changes in climatic conditions and human activities in hilly regions. Such dangers are in the forms of the earthquake, floods, cloudburst, or landslides that affect the road and other infrastructure. In the Himalayan region around 21 landslide-prone sites are found in Himachal Pradesh at high to very high landslide frequency. In particular, the districts of Chamba, Kinnaur, Kullu, Mandi, Shimla, Sirmaur and Una are prone to natural disasters such as flash floods, cloud bursts and landslides. India 's big active landslide zones are at the center of my field research. According to GSI, 15 percent of the land area of our country is prone to landslides in which 80 percent of that 15 percent of the land area is spread around the Himalayan range. In the Himalayan region, the occurrence of landslides mainly blocks contact on the road corridors and poses a high risk to society. Kullu district, (Himachal Pradesh) is chosen for this research where landslide events destroy roads, assets and pose a high threat to society every year. Therefore, it is important to research the effect of landslides in approaching route planning, which is capable of removing the inclusion of landslide-prone areas, engineering designs and various geological factors in terms of slope stability and health. The main problem posed by travel delay switches with frequent economic losses and infrastructure failure, etc. Studying literature helps in understanding the key terms and parameters, understanding road network rule, regulations and guidelines in a hilly region. Examination of best case studies and intention and target formulation. Analysis of the data collected via OD survey, TVC survey, accident data, hotspot position, tourist traffic and field visit help recognize problems and issues such as landslide position hotspots, road section blockage, several hours of traffic delay, debris removal period, economic and infrastructure losses. Section-2 (Blocking on-road NH-21 Bhuntar to Kullu on-road NH-21 Kullu to Manali) selected for the report. To understand the current scenario and traffic load on both roads, the inter-comparative analysis is done between the two road section. Some infrastructure facilities for better mobilization of traffic in the hilly area are proposed to overcome the scenario between the selected road section proposal for traffic dispensing points at some spot.