Restoring Ethnobotanical Knowledge System of Lower Shiwalik Range: a Case Study of Una, Himanchal Pradesh

Abstract

Ethnobotany, as a discipline, delves into the intricate bond between humans and plants, revealing both their practical and symbolic importance. This research focuses on the pivotal role of ethnobotany in revitalizing the knowledge base of the Lower Shiwalik ranges, a region acting as a transition zone between the Himalayas and the lower Gangetic plains. In this area, the vegetation comprises a mix of arid plains and lush Himalayan terrain, with the local community depending on plants for sustenance, medicine, construction, and various other needs. Nevertheless, the rise of urbanization and migration triggered by dam construction has brought about significant changes in the livelihood patterns of the residents. This shift has transformed their reliance on plants and traditional building methods, leading to a decline in the region's ethnobotanical heritage. The primary aim of this study is to explore the ethnobotanical knowledge across different generations, highlighting the growing disconnection between the people and their natural environment. The study involved detailed site visits to examine plants of cultural significance. Interviews were conducted with 60 individuals to uncover the diverse uses and values associated with various plant species. The selected plant range included specimens utilized for medicinal purposes, cattle fodder, crafting, and construction materials, among others. The results reveal a concerning trend where the younger generation shows a significant lack of awareness regarding the ethnobotanical importance of the local flora. There is a noticeable decline in traditional knowledge among the youth, emphasizing the urgent need for interventions to bridge the gap between people and plants. This study offers hope in strengthening the connection between individuals and their botanical heritage. By illuminating indigenous practices and cultural legacy, it offers valuable insights for designers and landscape professionals aiming to integrate native plants with ethnobotanical significance into their projects. In doing so, it not only safeguards traditional wisdom but also promotes sustainable practices rooted in the deep interaction between humans and plants.