Transforming transit hub: developing Bangaluru's metro station into a TOD hub

Abstract

Indian cities are undergoing a substantial surge in population due to rapid urbanization, notably witnessed in Bangalore. The population of Bengaluru grew by 49% from 2000 to 2018. Migration from other areas in Karnataka and elsewhere, driven by work opportunities, has accounted for about 30% of that growth (Asian Development Bank, n.d.). Consequently, this urban growth has led to increased public movement and a pronounced traffic challenge, a persistent issue in Bangalore. In response, the city has initiated the Metro Project, currently operating two lines with plans for extensive expansion, drawing inspiration from the successful model of the Delhi Metro to alleviate traffic congestion. Encouraging a shift from personal transport to public transit presents its own set of challenges. Transit Oriented Developments (TOD) have emerged as sought-after solutions which is an approach to urban development designed to bring people, services, and activities together with quality public transport. This underscores the necessity for a transit hub that transcends its conventional role—a space not only enhancing the rider experience but also fostering vibrant public activity. Such transformation becomes a catalyst, not only for increased ridership but also for cultivating a safer and livelier neighborhood. Proposing an integrated perspective, there exists a compelling need to reimagine the metro station in Bangalore. It must evolve beyond its functional confines to metamorphose into a public space, resonating with the local identity and serving as a central hub for the community. Recognizing the pivotal role of transit spaces in modern metropolitan life, these areas should be regarded as paramount opportunities for holistic city development. Transforming metro stations into accessible public spaces, engaging residents in a diverse array of activities, becomes not just a desirable goal but an essential step towards fostering community cohesion and a more enriching urban experience. Metro projects often showcase a scenario where engineers take the lead, making key decisions and overseeing construction. Engineers, known for their analytical thinking, reliance on scientific principles, and commitment to discipline, often shape these projects. This may explain why metro projects sometimes lack a distinct sense of place and are confined to functional transit spaces. Hence, there is a significant opportunity to shift the focus towards emphasizing the power of design, rather than merely fulfilling decorative expectations. This presents an ideal moment for architects and architecture to play a pivotal role, provided they can present pertinent and practical arguments.