Impact of highway on spatial and socio-economic changes in rural area: a case of Bhopal-Sehore highway

Abstract

Since the beginning of civilization, condition under which man lives area generally formed by the straightforwardness and speed with which he can move himself and his products. Transport influences the day by day lives of individuals. Now days, because of the new highway construction or upgradation of a road into highway it is easy to communicate to the capital of the country with speedy, flexible at very less transportation cost. Highway impact the nature and the pace of economic development as well as social development. It also impact the shape of area and access to business sectors and pace, style, quality of life of the surrounded areas. The main purpose of the study is to understand the existing relationship between highway development and human well- being and evaluating how highway affect land use, land value, agriculture growth of rural area and also evaluating change in health facility, education facility, employment, income, life style and quality of life in the rural area. The aim of the study is to assess the spatial and socio- economic impact of a highway development on adjacent areas. The aim is to look for spatial change before and after highway upgradation and measure the change in social and economic condition of study area after highway upgradation. To achieve the above mention aim, the following are the objective of the study -To delineate the highway corridor and identification of villages as study area. To identify the indicator to measure the spatial and socio-economic changes due to highway. To analyse the spatio-temporal and socio-economic changes and find the impact of highway. To suggest the planning intervention for land use plan of study area. To fulfil the study need Bhopal –Sehore highway has been chosen. For the analysis of the study, first the village has been identified. For identification of village, four parameters has been taken. These parameters are- i) Proximity to the highway from village, ii) Decadal population growth rate of villages and iii) Temporal change in village Abadi area along highway. A 5 km buffer has created on both side of the highway and identified the villages between Bhopal planning boundary and Sehore municipal boundary. After than the weightage has been given to all parameters and the top 3 villages has been selected as the study area. The main objective of the study is to analyse the spatio-temporal and socioeconomic changes and find the impact of highway. The spatio-temporal changes has analysed by using land cover over 15 years with the help of GIS tool and socio-economic changes have measured with the help of primary survey and secondary source data. To understanding the socio-economic condition of the area before the highway upgradation, secondary source data has been taken and to understanding the current status of the study area, primary survey has been performed. The more focus of the survey was on agriculture growth and socioeconomic changes. Primary survey conducted in all of three villages. Lastly, the following outcomes has been found from the study. After first three years the price remain same no change on price of land. The accessibility to market has been increased and the change in workforce has been seen after highway upgradation. People started going city for job, medical, education by this highway. The shift in agriculture pattern has been seen and the change in income and the quality of life has been found from study.