MTLP http://dspace.spab.ac.in:80/handle/123456789/1537 2026-04-06T12:37:58Z 2026-04-06T12:37:58Z Brar, Neeraj. http://dspace.spab.ac.in:80/handle/123456789/2683 2025-11-08T06:43:04Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Bus operations in Chandigarh: a focus on multimodal integration Authors: Brar, Neeraj. Abstract: India’s cities are afflicted with traffic congestion, pollution, and an increasing demand for efficient public transport. Chandigarh, a planned city and the shared capital of Punjab and Haryana, is no exception, facing growing mobility challenges due to rapid urbanization and regional expansion into Mohali and Panchkula. Despite its structured urban design, the city's public transport system remains fragmented, with standalone bus networks, inefficient last-mile connectivity, and poor coordination among modes, leading to over-reliance on private vehicles. This study assesses the extent of multimodal mobility integration in Chandigarh, with a focus on physical and operational coordination between city buses and the proposed metro network. The planned metro system, envisioned as the backbone of Chandigarh’s mass transit, requires well-integrated feeder services to enhance its accessibility and efficiency. Rationalizing bus routes to align with metro stations can eliminate redundancies, improve connectivity to high-density corridors such as Punjab University (Mohali), IT Park, and Sector 5 (Panchkula), and provide direct, affordable access to key employment and educational hubs. Currently, the lack of intermodal coordination results in multiple transfers, long waiting times, and higher travel costs, particularly affecting students, professionals, and low-income groups in peripheral areas. Synchronizing bus-metro schedules, integrating fare systems, and enhancing wayfinding can improve service efficiency and commuter convenience. Beyond improving accessibility, multimodal integration can help reduce congestion and pollution, as Chandigarh’s transport sector contributes over 30% of the city’s emissions, exacerbated by increasing private vehicle ownership. A seamless bus-metro network would encourage public transport use, support sustainable urban mobility, and enhance the city’s overall liveability. Additionally, better physical integration—through transfer hubs, pedestrian infrastructure, and real-time transit information—can facilitate effortless intermodal travel. In conclusion, strengthening the physical and operational integration of Chandigarh’s transport system is essential for developing an efficient, inclusive, and sustainable urban mobility network. By optimizing multimodal coordination, the city can improve accessibility, ease congestion, and promote equitable mobility solutions. Keywords: Multimodal integration, public transport coordination, sustainable mobility, route rationalization, feeder services, urban transport planning, last-mile connectivity.

2025-05-01T00:00:00Z Yadav, Ankita. http://dspace.spab.ac.in:80/handle/123456789/2682 2025-11-08T06:47:07Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Evaluate the feasibility of 2W EVs vs. 2W ICE in food delivery services in Lucknow Authors: Yadav, Ankita. Abstract: The rapid expansion of online food delivery services has increased reliance on two-wheeler vehicles (2W) for last-mile logistics, raising concerns about fuel costs, emissions, and sustainability. While electric two-wheelers (2W-EVs) are seen as a greener alternative to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, limited research has examined their feasibility and environmental impact in food delivery operations. Most existing studies focus on EV adoption in general logistics, with little emphasis on food delivery-specific challenges such as charging infrastructure, operational costs, and lifecycle emissions. This study aims to bridge this gap by analyzing food delivery demand patterns, operational factors influencing 2W-EV adoption, total cost of ownership (TCO), and lifecycle emissions of 2W-EVs versus ICE vehicles in Lucknow. A mixed-method approach, including primary surveys with delivery personnel and logistics firms, traffic volume counts, and secondary data analysis, was used to assess vehicle movement trends, costs, and emissions. Findings reveal that food delivery demand is concentrated in commercial hubs, with ICE vehicles preferred due to refuelling convenience, though EV adoption is influenced by cost savings and regulatory incentives. While 2W-EVs show lower operational costs, challenges such as high upfront costs and inadequate charging infrastructure hinder their widespread adoption. Lifecycle emissions analysis confirms that 2W-EVs significantly reduce carbon footprints compared to ICE vehicles, though environmental benefits depend on battery production and electricity sources. The study underscores the need for policy interventions, improved charging infrastructure, and financial incentives to enhance 2W-EV adoption in food delivery, offering insights for urban planners, policymakers, and businesses aiming for sustainable last-mile logistics.

2025-05-01T00:00:00Z Kalyan, Gunasekar Pavan . http://dspace.spab.ac.in:80/handle/123456789/2681 2025-11-08T06:47:08Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Impacts of “fare-free bus travel for females” on commuters’ travel behavior: a case of Hyderabad, Telangana, India Authors: Kalyan, Gunasekar Pavan . Abstract: Ensuring urban environmental justice requires equitable access to public transportation, and one significant step toward this is the implementation of fare-free public bus services. Recognizing the crucial link between women’s independence, safety, and quality of life and a reliable transport system, several Indian states and union territories, including Delhi, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Karnataka, and Telangana, have introduced fare-free bus travel for women. As a result, female ridership has increased significantly. This study seeks to analyze the determinants of female activity-participation behavior and evaluate overall commuter satisfaction with fare-free services across genders. To achieve this, Multinomial Logistic Regression (MNL) is employed to assess how socio-demographic and travel-related factors influence women's trip purposes, reflecting their socio-economic engagement. Additionally, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is used to explore how socio-demographic, travel factors, and user perceptions impact travel satisfaction, identifying key service-related issues. The study presents both the positive impacts, such as increased accessibility and mobility for women, and the negative consequences, including overcrowding and reduced service quality. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, urban transport planners, and transport authorities, guiding the development of more inclusive and efficient fare-free public transport systems. They can help enhance the benefits of such initiatives while mitigating the challenges, ultimately contributing to more equitable urban mobility in India. Keywords Fare-free bus travel, Public Transportation, Activity participation Behaviour, Travel satisfaction, Multinomial Logistic Regression, Structural equation modelling

2025-05-01T00:00:00Z Joshi, Rucha. http://dspace.spab.ac.in:80/handle/123456789/2680 2025-11-08T06:47:08Z 2025-05-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Planning and scheduling of buses for operational efficiency: a case of Nagpur Authors: Joshi, Rucha. Abstract: Over the years, urban planning and transportation strategies have primarily focused on enhancing the traffic systems to cater to private vehicles . With an increasing number of people relying on private cars, road networks become congested, resulting in longer travel durations, financial losses due to delays, and declining air quality. On the other hand, public transportation systems are becoming a vital solution to tackle these challenges (Wang 2022). Well-designed and seamlessly integrated public transit networks help decrease the number of vehicles on the roads, easing congestion and reducing environmental harm. However, public transit projects often struggle with profitability and efficiency due to systemic, economic, and operational constraints, further complicated by multiple stakeholders with differing objectives (Perumal 2019). Despite their potential, public transit networks often face operational inefficiencies that affect their reliability and attractiveness to commuters.The study examines the city bus system of Nagpur, aiming to identify the underlying challenges and their impacts on ridership. Key parameters such as service supply, bus frequency, variability in headways, system coverage, and operational disruptions are analyzed to understand their impact on travel reliability. The primary objective of this study is to analyze these challenges and develop a model aimed at improving bus scheduling and operations to enhance ridership. By identifying the root causes of delays and evaluating their influence on passengers, the research seeks to propose a model for optimizing fleet deployment, crew management, and overall scheduling efficiency. An improved scheduling system can minimize waiting times, reduce operational disruptions, and create a more reliable transit experience for commuters. By enhancing service reliability and efficiency, the proposed model will encourage greater ridership, positioning public transport as a more attractive and sustainable alternative to private vehicles, ultimately contributing to improved urban mobility. Keywords: Public Transport Planning; Ridership; Fleet scheduling; Demand and Supply; Waiting Times; Bus frequency

2025-05-01T00:00:00Z