Integration of Solar energy with electric vehicles in Jodhpur district

Abstract

India has proliferated as one of the fastest growing economies and the third largest greenhouse gas emitter country in the world. It has diligence and determination towards ambitions for future growth, despite being packed with the most vulnerable population which need to be secured by the impacts of climate change. Adding on, the country has one of the top ten automotive markets worldwide which is rapidly growing along with increasing population and high buying potential with disposable income. Nowadays, due to the increase in domestic income the growth and mobility have improved the lifestyles which indeed have promoted them to shift from public or non-motorized vehicles to motorized vehicles. This growth of the automobile market has not only elevated high carbon emission and carbon footprint but It has also triggered the substantial enlargement of energy consumption as well. India imports most of the oil-based fuel to meet the demand of transportation and other sectors which have increased from 57% in 1997 to 85% and are expected to rise till 92% by 2020 to meet project demand. This is a very serious confrontation regarding national energy security. To overcome fuel shortages and greenhouse gases emissions, Electric vehicles can be considered as a solution. Electric vehicles are having zero greenhouse gas emission during the operational phase. Electric vehicles are often cleaner than the most efficient conventional vehicles but an accelerated demand of EVs is able to prompt a greater consumption of fossil fuels because appr a major share of electricity worldwide is produced by coal and fossil. Electric vehicles and renewable energy Integration like solar energy have that potential which can revolutionize we look at energy, how it’s used and how it created and how its redirected. The aim of this study is “to assess the potential of Solar Energy and Electric Vehicles integration, in rural and Statutory urban areas (population less than one lac) of Jodhpur District” with the help of spatial approaches and strategies for integration of solar energy and electric vehicles derived from the Travel behavior and vehicle growth in the region as well as integration of solar energy with potential Electric vehicles. This study comprises examining the travel behavior, trip characteristic of residents as well as possible Integration of potential electrical vehicles in such a way, that both technologies can benefit each other. For building the hypothesis and proposing spatial strategies to Integrate solar energy and future electrical vehicle in the region, the qualitative and quantitative research approaches and research methodologies are taken in account for building the hypothesis and proposing spatial strategies to Integrate solar energy and future electrical vehicle in the region, the travel and energy consumption behavior of people is monitored with the help of primary surveys secondary data. The proposed strategies and approaches can help in the adaption of electrical vehicles and solar energy in daily life. There is no such frequent local public transport system for hamlets and rural areas of Pipar city region. Even in Pipar city town area, there is no local public transport bus system commuting within the urban area, this leads to local people for buying their personal vehicle for commuting between short distances. Primary survey shows there are more than 66% of households own two-wheelers in Pipar city region. People mainly use two-wheeler for commuting within and outside of the region. The target groups for electrical two-wheelers are identified with the help of economic analysis and the payback period of electric two wheels. This future growth of electric vehicle requires a subsequent share of energy to power up them, for that solar energy is taken in account to full fill excuses demand of energy. People who are willing to use solar energy for household purpose but one-time high capital investment restricting them from adopting this infrastructure, if electric vehicles and solar energy integrated in a systematic way so this one-time investment can full filling the household energy demand as well as the energy demand caused by potential electric vehicles. Electrification in the transport sector with the integration of solar energy into the power systems of Pipar city region required systematic approaches and strategies for penetration of electric vehicle and tier integration with solar energy on a larger scale. These strategies must be based on the energy demand of individual household level as well as regional level so that the demand of excess energy caused by electric vehicles on the grid can be fulfilled. Based on settlement hierarchy and built-up density, the following approaches can be adapted for the integration of electric vehicles in the region. In this study, the effects of these strategies, also have to been taken into account for sustainable development. Today world is witnessing unsustainable exploitation of natural resources like fossil fuels which further leads to negative impacts on the environment. Transportation, as well as energy demand, is having a significant share of fossil vi fuels exploitation. Worldwide transport energy growth is mostly concentred around private means of transportations like cars and two-wheelers. Urban as well as rural areas are witnessing the growth of automobile growth which it was never predicted. Sustainable transportation is one of the most important requirements of modern life, it's deeply linked with society. In this study, some strategies have been suggested for adaption of Integration of solar energy with electrical vehicles, which can help to provide the clean energy for the electric vehicles as well as trigger the adaption of renewable energy sources in the region.