Re-establishing the identity of malhar

Abstract

Malhar is one of the ancient towns situated in Masturi tehsil of Bilaspur district in Chhattisgarh. It was one of the important towns in Dakshin Kosala region. The ancient town of Malhar is surrounded by three rivers Lilagar river on the east, Arpa River on the west and Shivnath river on the south. In one of the Kalchuri inscriptions, this town is mentioned as Mallalapatana (referring to the town situated near river or any other water body). Hence, the geographical location of the town justifies its name as Mallalapatana or Mallapatanam. In addition to the primary group of Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist temple ruins, there is currently a tiny town with some remnants of an ancient fort, two repaired Shiva temples, one museum, and remnants of some older buildings. Archaeological remains from Malhar reveal the early history of the region, with Maurya, Gupta, Vakataka, Sharabhpuriyas, Somvanshi, Panduvamsi and Kalchuri being some of the important dynasties that ruled the region. Malhar has also yielded many numismatic evidences from various excavations with a special symbol representing the town name which also tells that Malhar was located on the trade route. Historic towns serve as a symbol of a community's history, culture, and civilization. They preserve a feeling of place, and serve as a vital architectural and scientific resource. They also serve as a reminder of history and memory, promote a sense of belonging among neighbours, and support growth. Therefore, preserving such locations will help in the development of the town while preserving the significance of the place. Malhar holds immense historical and cultural significance, yet its identity has been eroded over time. This study aims to identify, preserve, and depict Malhar's historical and cultural value. This paper addresses each of these important issues. The study focuses on the mapping of present heritage of the town in terms of built, natural and archaeological features. In order to identify the current management issues, challenges, and potential threats that the town is facing, an attempt has been made, to provide a comprehensive study of the historic town Malhar thorough analysis of the historical background, its geography, its architecture, and its existing cultural resources. The present issues related to the town includes loss of original iii fabric due to the alteration or demolitions, lesser awareness about the heritage amongst the people of the town and government policies lacking awareness related to heritage. Through a comprehensive research approach that includes archival analysis, archaeological investigations, and community engagement, this study sheds light on Malhar's past and contributes to its re-identification. As a part of this research a heritage conservation strategy is developed for the historic town of Malhar. These strategies would enhance the physical aspects that are unique to the place and liability of the people. Furthermore, this thesis contributes to the fields of history, archaeology, and regional studies by highlighting the importance of preserving and reviving the identities of lesser-known historic town.