Abstract:
India has proliferated as one of the fastest growing economies and the
third largest greenhouse gas emitter country in the world. It has diligence and
determination towards ambitions for future growth, despite being packed with the
most vulnerable population which need to be secured by the impacts of climate
change. Adding on, the country has one of the top ten automotive markets
worldwide which is rapidly growing along with increasing population and high
buying potential with disposable income. Nowadays, due to the increase in
domestic income the growth and mobility have improved the lifestyles which
indeed have promoted them to shift from public or non-motorized vehicles to
motorized vehicles. This growth of the automobile market has not only elevated
high carbon emission and carbon footprint but It has also triggered the substantial
enlargement of energy consumption as well. India imports most of the oil-based
fuel to meet the demand of transportation and other sectors which have
increased from 57% in 1997 to 85% and are expected to rise till 92% by 2020 to
meet project demand. This is a very serious confrontation regarding national
energy security. To overcome fuel shortages and greenhouse gases emissions,
Electric vehicles can be considered as a solution. Electric vehicles are having
zero greenhouse gas emission during the operational phase. Electric vehicles are
often cleaner than the most efficient conventional vehicles but an accelerated
demand of EVs is able to prompt a greater consumption of fossil fuels because
appr a major share of electricity worldwide is produced by coal and fossil. Electric
vehicles and renewable energy Integration like solar energy have that potential
which can revolutionize we look at energy, how it’s used and how it created and
how its redirected. The aim of this study is “to assess the potential of Solar
Energy and Electric Vehicles integration, in rural and Statutory urban areas
(population less than one lac) of Jodhpur District” with the help of spatial
approaches and strategies for integration of solar energy and electric vehicles
derived from the Travel behavior and vehicle growth in the region as well as
integration of solar energy with potential Electric vehicles.
This study comprises examining the travel behavior, trip characteristic of
residents as well as possible Integration of potential electrical vehicles in such a
way, that both technologies can benefit each other. For building the hypothesis
and proposing spatial strategies to Integrate solar energy and future electrical
vehicle in the region, the qualitative and quantitative research approaches and
research methodologies are taken in account for building the hypothesis and
proposing spatial strategies to Integrate solar energy and future electrical vehicle
in the region, the travel and energy consumption behavior of people is monitored
with the help of primary surveys secondary data. The proposed strategies and
approaches can help in the adaption of electrical vehicles and solar energy in
daily life.
There is no such frequent local public transport system for hamlets and
rural areas of Pipar city region. Even in Pipar city town area, there is no local
public transport bus system commuting within the urban area, this leads to local
people for buying their personal vehicle for commuting between short distances.
Primary survey shows there are more than 66% of households own two-wheelers
in Pipar city region. People mainly use two-wheeler for commuting within and
outside of the region. The target groups for electrical two-wheelers are identified
with the help of economic analysis and the payback period of electric two wheels.
This future growth of electric vehicle requires a subsequent share of energy to
power up them, for that solar energy is taken in account to full fill excuses
demand of energy. People who are willing to use solar energy for household
purpose but one-time high capital investment restricting them from adopting this
infrastructure, if electric vehicles and solar energy integrated in a systematic way
so this one-time investment can full filling the household energy demand as well
as the energy demand caused by potential electric vehicles.
Electrification in the transport sector with the integration of solar energy
into the power systems of Pipar city region required systematic approaches and
strategies for penetration of electric vehicle and tier integration with solar energy
on a larger scale. These strategies must be based on the energy demand of
individual household level as well as regional level so that the demand of excess
energy caused by electric vehicles on the grid can be fulfilled. Based on
settlement hierarchy and built-up density, the following approaches can be
adapted for the integration of electric vehicles in the region. In this study, the
effects of these strategies, also have to been taken into account for sustainable
development.
Today world is witnessing unsustainable exploitation of natural resources
like fossil fuels which further leads to negative impacts on the environment.
Transportation, as well as energy demand, is having a significant share of fossil
vi
fuels exploitation. Worldwide transport energy growth is mostly concentred
around private means of transportations like cars and two-wheelers. Urban as
well as rural areas are witnessing the growth of automobile growth which it was
never predicted. Sustainable transportation is one of the most important
requirements of modern life, it's deeply linked with society. In this study, some
strategies have been suggested for adaption of Integration of solar energy with
electrical vehicles, which can help to provide the clean energy for the electric
vehicles as well as trigger the adaption of renewable energy sources in the
region.