Post occupancy evaluation of slums rehabilitated under JNNURM

Abstract

Slums are the part of the city and slum dwellers lives in the most critical areas of urban and rural area. Every slum has its own problem specific to the location, terrain, availability of basic services and the extent of the basic services. Bhopal being an urban area, there are about 366 slums as identified under Slum free city Plan Bhopal under Rajiv Awas yojana. Slum Improvement means Up-gradation, Rehabilitation, Relocation Redevelopment, ultimately trying to improve the living standards of the slum dwellers. The recent Intervention includes JNNURM, RAY and the component which deals with slums in JNNURM is providing basic services to urban poor. The objective of the mission is to have integrated development of slums for providing shelter, basic services and other civic amenities. It becomes very necessary to analyse the situation of the people and the services that have been transformed through the scheme. There are various slum upgrading delivery models and approaches to tackle the problems of slums. Many adaptive and proactive measures have been implemented through a variety of slum upgrading initiatives and partnerships; however there has been limited investigation of the longer term sustainability of such interventions. The study includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The main goal of the study is to analyse the post scenario situation of the slums and a comparison between the situations before intervention and after intervention. The study comprises of three phases broadly and findings, the first phase is the literature study and is done to ascertain the parameters for analysis which have been divided into three categories broadly. The parameters include broad categorisation of physical infrastructure, social infrastructure and the effectiveness of all these infrastructure. The second includes the comparison of the situation slums before intervention and after intervention by taking case study of rehabilitated slum. The third phase is the comparison of present situation with norms formulating categories resulting into scoring for the identification of deficiencies and lacunas. The proposals are in the form of suggestions for these problems, process for better Effective Management and post occupancy evaluation in a slum rehabilitation process and general guidelines.