Abstract:
The number of trips on urban networks has significantly increased in the recent
decades in many cities across the world. At the same time, the road network
capacities have not kept up with this increase in travel demand. Urban road
networks in many cities are severely congested, resulting in increased travel
times, increased number of stops, unexpected delays, greater travel costs,
inconvenience to drivers and passengers, increased air pollution and noise level,
and increased number of traffic accidents. Expanding traffic network capacities
by building more roads is extremely costly as well as environmentally damaging.
