Abstract:
The medieval history of Assam is said to have begun from the advent of the Ahoms which ruled for nearly 600 years that“contributed significantly towards the economy, society, and culture”of Assam. It marks the development of literature, art, textiles, festivals, architecture, and sculptures etc. during their reign in Assam.“Ahoms established their”capital in different parts of the Brahmaputra River valley, each with its own unique cultural and social landscape with evolving architectural typologies.
The architectural and structural developments which emerged between 13th to 18th century consists of different religious and secular structures like Moidams (burial system of the Ahoms), pavilion, palaces and stone bridges, manmade ponds etc. Elements form both Hindu and Islamic architecture could be seen in these structures which was influenced by the artisans and craftsmen brought from Koch Bihar and West Bengal. Their architectural masterpieces use distinctive materials and craftsmanship in their building construction technology which“withstood the test of time, weather and most importantly the test of standing strong in a severe seismic zone”and flood-prone area.
The establishment of Rangpur in the 1699 CE as a military capital exemplified the Ahom’s strategic mastery, positioned at the confluence of the Dikhow and Namdang rivers, granting access to vital trade routes and natural defenses. Despite the presence of numerous rivers, the Ahoms' traditional knowledge led to the development of an effective water management system, featuring the creation of ponds known as Pukhuris or sagars along water channels known as Khaois, ensuring a continuous flow of water throughout the year.
This thesis aims to establish the significance of both natural and cultural resources found within the capital town of Rangpur. The entire capital town along with its varied natural resources needs to be brought into an effective management process aimed at safeguarding and conserving these resources effectively.
