Spatial Planning as a Tool to Mitigate Community Conflict

Abstract

Ethnic conflict, regarding land use and land distribution has been a prevailing issue in Manipur since the early 1990’s. Recently there has been a conflict between the Kuki and the Meitei community. Around 90% of the total land is reserved land leading to a major disparity of resource distribution. All the conflicts in history have been to take control of Moreh border town due to its potential to be a large trading hub. Both the tribes in majority, i.e., Kuki and the Naga are claiming of Churachandpur, Chandel, Senapati, Tamenglong and Ukhrul and Chandel, Senapati, Tamenglong and Ukhrul respectively, creating an overlap in claimed territory. The study will begin by creating thorough understanding the historical and cultural contexts that lead to the conflict between the communities, highlighting the significance in the livelihood and identity of the communities in the state. The research will explore how spatial planning can act as an incentive in resolving the conflict and promote social cohesiveness. The basis of the thesis will be formed for the development of an ingenious and inclusive land use policy, informed by comprehensive qualitative and quantitative research, dialogues and community engagement. The proposed land use policy aims at equitable distribution of land and its resources, with special consideration to the unique history of the state, the cultural value of the local communities. Attention will be given to create a zoning regulation that accommodates differing needs of the communities, ensure the safety of ancestral land and preserve the cultural heritage of the communities. Socio-economic development, through skill development programs, will also be focused within the spatial planning framework and policy. Legal reforms are necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the planning interventions to be prepared, land tenure reform should address the rights of indigenous people and development goals equally. This thesis should provide an integrated approach to mitigate the ethnic/community conflict through spatial planning policies and provide a framework to promote a harmonious coexistence, cultural and socio-development of the state.