Policy assessment for urban flood management with contextual considerations: a case study of Bilaspur city

Abstract

Urban areas globally are facing escalating threats from flooding, a consequence of rapid urbanization, inadequate infrastructure, and the intensifying impacts of climate change. This vulnerability is particularly pronounced in rapidly developing nations like India, where burgeoning urban centres often grapple with a complex interplay of factors that exacerbate flood risks. Although recognized by authorities through various policies and action plans, major gaps remain in implementation, coordination, and local relevance. This study addresses these shortcomings and contributes to the urban development discourse by advocating for context-sensitive policy reforms and improved governance mechanisms. Effective urban flood management is no longer a standalone issue but an integral component of sustainable urban development. It necessitates a holistic approach that not only addresses the immediate hydrological factors but also considers the resilience of urban infrastructure against climate change and natural disasters. This study aims to revisit existing policies and guidelines for urban flood management to evaluate their contextual relevance and explore the scope for localized policy interventions. It begins by assessing the structure and content of current policies, guidelines, and action plans related to urban flood disaster management. The research then examines the implementation status of these policies, identifying critical gaps between policy intent and ground-level execution. It investigates the coordination mechanisms among various government departments and agencies responsible for urban flood management, highlighting the institutional and operational challenges they face. Based on these analyses, the study proposes evidence-based suggestions to strengthen policy frameworks, improve inter-agency coordination, and the implementation capacity for more effective and resilient urban flood management. Recommendations include promoting green infrastructure, improving governance frameworks, and advancing community participation to build a resilient urban flood management system tailored to Bilaspur's distinctive setting. This case study offers acumen for policymakers and urban planners in developing sustainable strategies for managing urban floods in similar settings. Keywords: Urban flood management, sustainable urban development, policy implementation, governance mechanisms, localized policy interventions.