An exploration of socio-economic impacts of transit-induced gentrification – a case of Gurgaon, Haryana

Abstract

This thesis investigates the socio-economic transformations resulting from the development of transit infrastructure, with a particular emphasis on the phenomenon of transit-induced gentrification (TIG). Adopting a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, the study examines the extent to which transit systems influence demographic, economic, and spatial dynamics within urban neighbourhoods. The research commences with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to establish a theoretical foundation and assess prevailing scholarly and policy-oriented perspectives on TIG. Subsequently, spatial mapping and empirical analysis are employed to identify and evaluate key indicators of gentrification in selected study areas. Geographic Information System (GIS)-based mapping, demographic assessments, and socio-economic profiling are utilised to trace and quantify changes associated with transit expansion. Primary data collection is conducted through structured surveys and focus group discussions to capture nuanced community experiences, perceptions, and lived realities of gentrification. NA quasi-experimental research design facilitates comparative analysis between transit-served neighbourhoods and control areas, thereby enabling the identification of significant shifts in population composition, property values, and income levels. The findings reveal discernible patterns indicative of gentrification, including escalating property prices, rising income levels, and the gradual displacement of lower-income residents. Drawing upon established best practices, the thesis suggests recommendations aimed at mitigating the adverse consequences of TIG. These proposals are further refined through iterative stakeholder engagement to enhance their applicability and effectiveness in promoting equitable urban development. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by elucidating the complex interplay between transit infrastructure and urban socio-economic change, and by offering actionable insights.