To develop environmental justice by providing anti- gentrification strategy

Abstract

The sustainability aspect in planning revolves around economic development, social justice, and environmental protection. The conceptual idea is to minimize the development conflict through environmental justice. The development of urban green space provides the environmental benefits but on the other hand it also led to gentrification in surrounding built environment. The example from western countries like- Central Park of New York, Prospects Park Brooklyn had led to urban green gentrification. In the process of urban redevelopment, Indian cities and peri-urban areas of metro cities are witnessing various forms of gentrification. It is now vital to identify the vulnerability of these gentrifications to future growth by comprehending their effects on urbanization. There are certain gentrification models which describes the cause of neighbourhood that is gentrified. The merits and demerits are different for each model. These models are linked to different case examples in Indian context; Sabarmati Riverfront Development is related to forced gentrification, Colonization around Mumbai-Pune is related to vacant or brown field gentrification, eviction from Yamuna Pushta for development of Commonwealth Games Village, 2010 is related to gentrification by complete demolition in public/private land. The various articles show the uneven distribution of green space in the cities. In Indian context the master plan for the cities like Delhi paves the way for the gentrification and the possible displacement of vulnerable residents. The minimum percentage of green space in the city should be according to URDPFI guidelines i.e. 10-12meter square per capita and should also focus spatial distribution of it in the city. For example, the low-income group in Mumbai lacks the urban green spaces. The less research work has been done in Indian context related to spatial changes with urban green space. Based on certain parameters there are two types of urban green space, formal and informal green space. The formal green space that are solely designed for recreational purpose and managed by public authority like city Park, green square, urban forest etc. provides environmental benefits but also leds to eco gentrification. The informal green spaces are the vegetated areas beyond the formal ones which lacks the management approach, legal dimension, and Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal (MP)-462 030 planning policies. There are informal green spaces as green infrastructure has potential for anti-gentrification strategies. The city of Jaipur has approx.6.7-meter square per capita green space and recent master plan of 2025 also aims to increase green space by 20% Also due to strong historical and cultural background the city has city level parks like Central Park, Ramniwas Bagh etc. So, the study aims to analysis the spatial inequalities in distribution of formal and informal green space among various socio-economic groups for Jaipur city. The objective to achieve aim includes the identification of and analysis of socio-economic condition of the city zone wise. The Jaipur municipal has 77 wards which are divided into 9 zones. The data variables for socio economic analysis were identified through case studies of Barcelona, Canada and USA and environmental justice index. The parameter identified were education level, working population percentage, percentage of BPL houses and market value of housing and land value. From the overall socioeconomic ranking of 9 zones 4 zones were selected based on location and ranking. Further the land consumption rate and SR transaction shows the urban growth in the city ward wise. Further the objective is to identify the characteristics of green spaces added to city and its quantitative and qualitative analysis. The overall directional and transition analysis was done through LULC change and transition matrix. Physical characteristics of green spaces such as number of green patches, path density, fragmentation index and cohesion index were done which gave green space index from zone. After this analysis 10 parks were selected from the 4 zones to analysis gentrification as process in buffer of 500m.The 3 different stages of gentrification was observed around the parks. The expected outcome of this study will be in the form of strategies for integrated development, which would be in conjunction with the present planning guidelines. These strategies may be helpful in the increase in green cover or spaces equally in the city. This study will also help in further understanding of the cities and its spatial relation with green spaces.