Solar energy for public transport system (e-buses)

Abstract

India's remarkable economic growth has resulted in increased purchasing power and mobility among its population, leading to a surge in the automotive market. However, this growth has come at a cost: high carbon emissions and energy consumption, making India the third largest greenhouse gas emitter globally. This has serious implications for the country's vulnerable population in the face of climate change. To address this issue, India needs a sustainable solution that can reduce carbon emissions while ensuring energy security. The increasing energy demand and environmental concerns associated with public transport systems have impelled the exploration of sustainable energy solutions. This study focuses on the implementation of solar energy for the public transport system, specifically electric buses (E-buses), in Hyderabad, Telangana. The background of the research highlights the rapid growth of urbanization and transportation in Hyderabad, leading to a surge in energy consumption and pollution. The need for sustainable alternatives, such as solar energy, is evident. A comprehensive literature review and case studies have been conducted to understand the feasibility and benefits of solar energy in public transport systems (E-buses). Primary and secondary surveys were conducted to assess the energy demand of the Hyderabad State Road Transport Corporation (TSRTC) E-buses. The findings indicate an exponential increase in energy demand by 2035, resulting in significant environmental challenges and higher energy costs. To address these issues, a proposal for a solar photovoltaic (PV) farm near the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport has been put forward. The solar farm is designed to meet the energy demands of 7,500 E-buses projected for 2035. The implementation plan involves the execution of the solar PV farm in three phases. Each phase demonstrates substantial returns and contributes to the reduction of carbon emissions. Furthermore, the project showcases the potential for revenue generation through lower tariff costs. Hyderabad, being a major city in Telangana, presents an ideal context for the integration of solar energy in public transport systems. The city's geographical location provides ample sunlight, which is 5.5 kWh/ sq mt/ day making it conducive for solar power generation. Additionally, vii Hyderabad faces pressing environmental challenges, such as air pollution and requires sustainable solutions to mitigate these issues. This research proposes a viable and economically feasible approach to utilizing solar energy for the public transport system in Hyderabad also findings, supported by data and facts specific to Hyderabad, underscore the potential of solar energy in transforming the public transport system. The proposed solar PV farm near RGI Airport presents a practical and sustainable solution to address the escalating energy demands of the TSRTC E bus fleet while concurrently reducing pollution levels and generating economic benefits. By implementing a solar PV farm, the city can address the increasing energy demand of E-buses while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and generating revenue through cost-effective operations. The findings of this study contribute to the advancement of sustainable practices in the transportation sector and offer valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and energy stakeholders in Hyderabad and beyond. In conclusion, this thesis provides an in-depth analysis of the solar energy potential for the public transport system e-buses in Hyderabad. The proposed solar PV farm epitomizes an effective approach to meet the energy demands of the growing Ebus fleet while encouraging environmental sustainability and financial viability. The research findings acme the significance of solar energy integration in public transport e-buses as a means to foster a greener and more sustainable future for Hyderabad and similar urban areas.